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Prevalence, severity and risk factors of post-natal depression - A hospital based study
Swaroop R S Achary1, Samrat Kar2, Pavankumar C Reddy3, Sharbandh V Raj4
1 Assistant professor, Department of psychiatry, S.V.S Medical College, Mahabubnagar, Telangana, India
2 Assistant professor of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Institute of medical sciences and SUM hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
3 Professor and Head of the department of psychiatry, Department of psychiatry, Mamata medical college, Khammam, Telangana, India
4 Professor and Head of the department of psychiatry, Department of psychiatry, S.V.S Medical College, Mahabubnagar, Telangana, India
Correspondence Address:
Swaroop R S Achary
Assistant professor of psychiatry, Flat no. D1, Staff quarters, SVS Medical college, Mahabubnagar, Telangana
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None
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Background: Postpartum mood disorders range in severity from the early maternity blues to postpartum psychosis, a serious state affecting less than 1% of mothers. An estimated 10-15% of new mothers are affected by mild postnatal depression, usually manifesting within the first three months after birth. The strongest antenatal predictors of postnatal depression are depression during pregnancy, anxiety during pregnancy, stressful recent life events, lack of social support, a previous history of depression, and low self-esteem.
Aims: To study the prevalence and severity of postnatal depression.
Methods: Semi-structured socio-demographic and clinical data sheet was used to record the particulars of the patients. Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EDPS) was used for the screening purpose, later the clinical diagnosis is established as per the ‘International Classification of Diseases Research and Diagnostic Criteria’. Hamilton depression rating scale (HAM-D) was used to assess the severity of depressive episode. The findings were analysed using SPSS-16.
Results: The prevalence of depression in the current study is sixty percent. The mean age of the population is 26.5 ±5.09 years. Most women in the present sample were primipara. Constitution of domestic violence to the severity of depression is found to be significant.
Conclusion: Significant depression levels were found in younger age group and in population with a family income of less than 10,000 rupees per month. Depression was significantly more prevalent in those with marital duration less than five years and those who are primigravida. Most of the mothers having female child were depressed which is incommensurable with those who gave birth to male child.
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